工业革命对经济的发展到底是积极的，还是消极的?本篇文章就针对该分歧进行了探讨。以下是本文中10个重点词汇，我们一起来记忆吧!
a. 关键的;危急的;批判性的
【词根记忆】：criticize(批评)+ical(形容词后缀)→批判性的
【短语搭配】：critical of 挑剔;对…表示谴责
critical point 关键时刻;临界点
【真题例句】：Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. 最近，大多数历史学家对工业革命颇有微词。
2.11 widespread ['waɪdspred]
a. 普遍的;广泛的
【词根记忆】：wide(宽泛的)+ spread(传播;伸展)→广泛传播的
【短语搭配】：widespread concern 广泛关注
widespread support广泛支持
【真题例句】：But they insisted that its immediate results during the period from 1750 to 1850 were widespread poverty and misery for the bulk of the English population. 但是，这些历史学家坚持认为，在1750年到1850遍年期间，工业革命的直接后果就是英国大规模的贫穷和苦难。
3. 28 poverty ['pɒvətɪ]
n.贫穷;匮乏
【词根记忆】：pover(=poor 贫穷)+ty(=ity 名词后缀)→贫穷
【短语搭配】：in absolute poverty 极度贫穷
a poverty of 缺乏
【真题例句】：Specialists in history and economics, have shown that the period from 1650 to 1750 was marked by great poverty. 历史以及经济方面的专家表示，1650年到1750年这一阶段以显著的贫困为特征。
4. 4 misery ['mɪz(ə)rɪ]
n.痛苦;悲惨;不幸
【词根记忆】：miser(可怜)+ ry(=ary形容词、名词后缀)→痛苦;悲惨;不幸
【短语搭配】：put out of misery 摆脱痛苦
make a misery life 生活不幸
【真题例句】：Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldn’t have had kids, but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives. 没有人会去让不开心的父母去反思自己是否不该养孩子，但是那些不幸福的没有孩子的人却为类似这样的信息所困扰：“孩子是世上唯一最可珍惜的东西”，显然，你们的不幸必须通过生儿育女才能得以消除。(2011年阅读Test4)。
5. 2 preceding [prɪ'siːdɪŋ]
a. 在前的;之前的
【词根记忆】：pre(前;先)+cede(走;行动)+ing(形容词后缀)→在前的;前述的
【短语搭配】：mechanical equipment机械设备
mechanical learning 机械学习
【真题例句】：By contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1650 to 1750, when England was still a completely agricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity.与此相反，他们把在此之前从1650年到1750年的一百年看成一个繁荣时间，尽管那时英国还是一个完全意义的农业国家。
6. 1 abundance [ə'bʌnd(ə)ns]
n. 充裕;丰富
【词根记忆】a(否定前缀)+bund(=bond界限;边界)+ance(名词后缀)→没有界限→充裕;丰富
【短语搭配】：an abundance of 许多;大量
in abundance 大量
【真题例句】：This area of Mexico has an abundance of safe beaches and a pleasing climate.墨西哥的这个地区有大量的安全沙滩与宜人的气候。。
7. 5 prosperity [prɒ'sperɪtɪ]
n.繁荣;成功
【词根记忆】：pro (前;先)+sper(=hope希望)+ ity(名词后缀)→把人们都拉过来→呼吁;感召
【短语搭配】：economic prosperity经济繁荣;发展生产
【例 句】：“The Heart of the Matter,” the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. 美国人文与科学院刚刚发表的报告“问题核心”值得赞扬，该报告肯定了人文学科和社会学科对美国自由民主的繁荣发展和安全的重要性。(2014年阅读Text 4)
8.22 mark [mɑːk]
n.记号;分数
v.标记;评分
【短语搭配】：be noted for/as 因…而备受关注
be labeled as 被视作…
be marked by 以…为特征
be impressed by 对…有印象
【真题例句】：The scores were then used in conjunction with an applicant’s score on the Graduate Management Admission Test, or GMAT, a standardized exam which is marked out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her. 这些评级分数会与管理学研究生入学考试(简称GMAT，是满分为800分的标准化考试)的分数一起，来决定申请者能够被录取。(2013年知识运用)
9.18 complete [kəm'pliːt]
v.完成
a. 完整的;完全的
【词根记忆】：com(完全;共同)+plet(满)→圆满→完成
【短语搭配】：a complete set of一整套
complete with包括，连同
【真题例句】：Next year, after a series of mergers is completed, just four railroads will control well over 90 percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers. 到明年，一系列合并活动完成之后，四家铁路公司将控制主要铁路公司货运业务的90% 以上。(2003年阅读Text3)
10.2 worsen ['wɜːs(ə)n]
v. 变坏;恶化
【词根记忆】：worse(bad的比较级)+en(动词后缀)→变得更坏;恶化
【近义词】：aggravate
【真题例句】：Specialists in history and economics have shown that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace.历史与经济学家指出，工业革命非但没有加重这种贫穷，反而使大多数人的生活得到改善。
