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当地时间9月28日,NASA举行新闻发布会,宣布在火星表面发现了有液态水活动的“强有力”证据,而液态水是生命存在的必要条件。这项发现说明这颗太阳系中最接近地球的行星上有可能存在生命。
NASA行星探测部门主管吉姆•格林表示,“火星并不是像我们之前想象的那样,是一颗干燥荒芜(arid)的星球。在某些情况下,火星上有液态水存在。”
NASA探测卫星发回的数据显示,火星表面坑壁上的暗色条纹是由含盐液态水的流动造成的,这些盐分可以改变火星大气层的水的冰点与沸点,使其能够以液态的形式流动。而相关论文也发表在了《自然地球科学》杂志上。
NASA副局长约翰•格伦斯菲尔德在发布会上告诉记者:“我们非常激动,因为这项发现意味着今天的火星有可能存在生命。”
火星是太阳系八大行星之一。太阳系由内往外数的行星分别为水星(Mercury)、金星(Venus)、地球(Earth)、火星(Mars)、木星(Jupiter)、土星(Saturn)、天王星(Uranus)和海王星(Neptune)。其中,火星直径约为地球的53%,自转轴倾角、自转周期均与地球相近,公转一周约为地球公转时间的两倍,属于类地行星,所以人类一直致力于探索火星。
Scientists analyzing data from a NASA spacecraft have found the first evidence that briny water flowed on the surface of Mars as recently as last summer, a paper published on Monday (Sept. 28) showed, raising the possibility that the planet could support life.
Although the source and the chemistry of the water is unknown, the discovery will change scientists' thinking about whether the planet that is most like Earth in the solar system could support present day microbial life.
"Mars is not the dry, arid planet that we thought of in the past. Under certain circumstances, liquid water has been found on Mars," said Jim Green, the agency's director of planetary science.
The discovery was made when scientists developed a new technique to analyze chemical maps of the surface of Mars obtained by NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter spacecraft.
They found telltale fingerprints of salts that form only in the presence of water in narrow channels cut into cliff walls throughout the planet's equatorial region.